Selenium, Whole Blood

Overview:

Monitor exposure to selenium; detect selenium deficiency.

This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by LabCorp. It has not been cleared or approved by the Food and Drug Administration.

Selenium toxicity may occur due to industrial exposures or through drinking water in some parts of the world. Toxic symptoms include garlic breath odor, thick brittle fingernails, dry brittle hair, red swollen skin of the hands and feet, and nervous system abnormalities of numbness, convulsions, or paralysis.1 Selenium is produced as a byproduct of copper refining and is used in electronic semiconductors, as a decolorizing agent for ceramics and glass, and as a vulcanizing agent in the rubber industry. The essential nature of selenium in human nutrition is now beyond dispute. Multiple cases of selenium deficiency have been reported in patients receiving parenteral nutrition for longer than one week when no selenium was included in their formula. Deficiency has also been reported in severe malnutrition without parenteral nutrition. The syndrome has included painful weak muscles and acute or chronic congestive heart failure due to cardiomyopathy that is sometimes fatal. Other findings noted in some cases of selenium deficiency include erythrocyte macrocytosis, depigmentation of skin and hair, and elevated transaminase and creatine kinase levels.

1. Jacobs DS, DeMott WR, Oxley DK, eds. Laboratory Test Handbook With Key Word Index. 5th ed. Hudson, Ohio: Lexi-Comp Inc; 2001. Lalonde L, Jean Y, Roberts KD, et al. Fluorometry of selenium in serum or urine. Clin Chem.1982; 28(1):172-174. PubMed 7055906